{"id":2199,"date":"2022-01-31T10:00:15","date_gmt":"2022-01-31T10:00:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dragonsheart.org\/yr-athro-syr-muir-gray-mae-angen-chwyldro-mewn-gofal-iechyd\/"},"modified":"2022-01-31T11:19:53","modified_gmt":"2022-01-31T11:19:53","slug":"yr-athro-syr-muir-gray-mae-angen-chwyldro-mewn-gofal-iechyd","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dragonsheart.org\/cy\/yr-athro-syr-muir-gray-mae-angen-chwyldro-mewn-gofal-iechyd\/","title":{"rendered":"Yr Athro Syr Muir Gray: Mae angen chwyldro mewn gofal iechyd"},"content":{"rendered":"

Cyflwyniad gan Dr Jonathon Gray:<\/strong> Un o nodau allweddol Sefydliad Calon y Ddraig yw datblygu arweinwyr trawsnewid y dyfodol trwy raglenni gwaith cyffrous a phartneriaethau rhyngwladol gyda meddylwyr mwyaf blaenllaw\u2019r byd. Un o\u2019r bobl hynny yw Syr Muir Gray. Mae Syr Muir wedi gweithio i\u2019r Gwasanaeth Iechyd Gwladol ers 1972, mewn amrywiaeth o uwch swyddi yn ystod y cyfnod hwnnw, gan gynnwys bod yn Gyfarwyddwr Ymchwil a Datblygu ar gyfer Anglia and Oxford Regional Health Authority, a sefydlu ac yna dod yn Gyfarwyddwr ar Bwyllgor Sgrinio Cenedlaethol y DU. Sefydlodd y Llyfrgell Genedlaethol Iechyd, ac roedd yn Gyfarwyddwr ar Wybodaeth, Proses a Diogelwch Clinigol Rhaglen Genedlaethol TG GIG (Lloegr), gan gyflawni r\u00f4l Cyfarwyddwr y Gwasanaeth Gwybodaeth Cenedlaethol. Ef oedd y person cyntaf i gael swydd Prif Swyddog Gwybodaeth y GIG (Lloegr), ac roedd hefyd yn gyd-Gyfarwyddwr ar raglen \u2018Right Care\u2019 Ansawdd, Arloesi, Cynhyrchiant ac Atal (QIPP) yr Adran Iechyd. Rydym wrth ein bodd ei fod yn un o’r prif athrawon ar ein rhaglen Climb. Darllenwch ei flog cyntaf ar gyfer Sefydliad Calon y Ddraig isod:<\/em><\/p>\n

Mae angen chwyldro mewn gofal iechyd arnom, nid achos arall o ad-drefnu, ond chwyldro arall. Rydym wedi cael chwyldroadau yn y gorffennol. Roeddem ni\u2019n meddwl bod gofal iechyd yn ddiogel, oni bai am yr ambell achos trychinebus achlysurol a aeth i\u2019r llys, tan i adroddiad o\u2019r enw An Organisation with a Memory<\/em>gael ei gyhoeddi a oedd yn amlygu pa mor gyson oedd camgymeriadau\u2019n digwydd.<\/p>\n

Roedd hyn yn wir ynghylch ansawdd hefyd. Roeddem yn tybio bod clinigwyr medrus yn rhoi gofal o ansawdd uchel tan i adroddiad arall o\u2019r enw Crossing the Quality Chasm<\/em> ddatgelu pa mor amrywiol oedd ansawdd y gofal a chyn lleied o fewnwelediad oedd gan glinigwyr neu eu sefydliadau cyflogi i hyd a lled y broblem.<\/p>\n

Nawr mae\u2019r angen am ddiwylliant o ddiogelwch a gwelliant o ran ansawdd yn cael ei gymryd yn ganiataol, yn ogystal \u00e2\u2019r angen am effeithlonrwydd, er mwyn cynhyrchu canlyniadau da heb lawer o gost, ond nid yw\u2019r chwyldroadau hyn yn ddigon i sicrhau cynaliadwyedd gofal iechyd i bawb, hynny yw gofal iechyd sy\u2019n decach ac sy\u2019n diwallu anghenion pawb waeth beth fo\u2019u gallu i dalu, ac wrth gwrs gall Cymru fod yn falch o\u2019i rhan yn y gwaith o greu gofal iechyd cyffredinol a theg o ganlyniad i waith Aneurin Bevan a Julian Tudor Hart.<\/p>\n

Yr her yw bod yr angen a\u2019r galw yn cynyddu\u2019n gynt nag adnoddau. Digwyddodd hyn cyn COVID-19 a bydd yn parhau i ddigwydd ar \u00f4l y pandemig, ac mae wedi llwyddo i amlygu\u2019r ffaith fod adnoddau pwysicach nag arian, sef offer ac amser staff.<\/p>\n

Fodd bynnag, hyd yn oed pan fydd COVID-19 yn ddim ond problem iechyd arall, bydd y bwlch rhwng yr angen a\u2019r galw yn parhau i dyfu. Bydd hyn yn arwain at y galw i newid strwythur neu drefniadau ariannu gofal iechyd ond ni fydd hynny\u2019n mynd i\u2019r afael \u00e2\u2019r broblem ac yn sicrhau cynaliadwyedd, gan nad yw\u2019n mynd i\u2019r afael \u00e2\u2019r brif broblem, ac nid poblogaeth sy\u2019n heneiddio (yr amheuaeth gyffredin) yw hynny.<\/p>\n

Mae dadansoddiad gan yr OECD yn dangos mai\u2019r prif achos yw\u2019r hyn a elwir gan David Eddy yn \u201cthe relentless increase in the volume and intensity of clinical practice\u201d yn ei erthygl glasurol ym 1993 yn Journal of the American Medical Association. Mae\u2019n cael ei gyfleu gan gynnydd mewn profion a thriniaethau, i gyd yn seiliedig ar dystiolaeth ac o ansawdd uchel, wedi\u2019u darparu\u2019n effeithlon ond nid yw o leiaf 10% o\u2019r gweithgarwch yn ychwanegu gwerth at yr unigolion sy\u2019n cael eu trin na\u2019r poblogaethau a ddarparodd yr adnoddau ariannol.<\/p>\n

Y chwyldro sydd ei angen yw canolbwyntio ar werth, gan mai gofal iechyd ar sail gwerth yw\u2019r model newydd; mae\u2019n chwyldro diwylliannol gyda diwylliant stiwardiaeth yn sbardun chwyldroadol ar gyfer newid. Mae gwerth yn cysylltu deilliannau ac adnoddau ond mae hefyd yn bwysig cofio bod adnoddau yn golygu cymaint mwy nag arian. Maent hefyd yn cynnwys amser (staff ynghyd \u00e2\u2019u gofalwyr) a phethau megis carbon.<\/p>\n

Mae Sefydliad Calon y Ddraig eisoes wedi nodi\u2019r angen i wneud gwerth optimaidd adnoddau yn flaenoriaeth, o gaffael yr adnoddau hynny hyd at eu hailgylchu. Mae gwerth yn oddrychol, yn dibynnu ar safbwynt. Yn gyntaf, mae safbwynt personol sy\u2019n pennu i ba raddau y bydd yr ymyrraeth yn gwella nid eu clefyd, ond ei effaith ar y broblem a oedd yn effeithio arnynt fwyaf. Yna mae safbwynt y gwasanaeth iechyd. Mae hwnnw\u2019n canolbwyntio ar ansawdd, diogelwch ac effeithlonrwydd y gwasanaeth a ddarperir i gleifion ar hyn o bryd, ond fel y gwnaeth John Kotter, un o broffwydi arweinyddiaeth, dynnu sylw ato, does dim byd mor ddiwerth \u00e2 gwneud rhywbeth yn effeithlon, er na ddylid gwneud y peth hwnnw yn y lle cyntaf beth bynnag.<\/p>\n

Mewn rhai achosion, caiff yr ymyrraeth ei rhoi i bobl sydd \u00e2 diagnosis ond sydd heb wneud dewisiadau eto, ac y byddai\u2019n well ganddynt gael triniaeth fwy syml neu ddim triniaeth o gwbl. Rydym yn trin y cleifion anghywir; nid peidio ag adnabod y cleifion cywir ond y rhai hynny lle nad yw eu problemau a\u2019u dewisiadau wedi\u2019u gwirio. Yn ogystal, rydym yn gwybod ar gyfer y rhan fwyaf o gyflyrau, lle mae\u2019r atgyfeiriad yn seiliedig ar feini prawf amwys, y ceir anghydraddoldeb; mae pobl o is-grwpiau lleiaf difreintiedig y boblogaeth yn cael mwy o ofal na phobl o is-grwpiau mwyaf difreintiedig y boblogaeth.<\/p>\n

Yna mae\u2019r trydydd dimensiwn, dimensiwn y boblogaeth. Ydy dyrannu adnoddau\u2019r boblogaeth i segmentau gwahanol o\u2019r boblogaeth, i bobl sydd \u00e2 phroblemau anadlol neu i bobl sydd \u00e2 phroblemau iechyd meddwl er enghraifft, yn optimaidd? Mae hwn yn benderfyniad ar sail gwerth, dyrannu gwerth. Dyna yw\u2019r gwir gyda phenderfyniadau ynghylch sut y mae\u2019r gwasanaeth iechyd, a ariennir gan y boblogaeth, yn defnyddio\u2019r adnoddau hynny hefyd. Ydyn nhw, er enghraifft, yn rhoi eu holl gontractau i gwmn\u00efau mawr neu ydyn nhw\u2019n cefnogi cwmn\u00efau lleol sy\u2019n cyflogi pobl leol, yr hyn a elwir yn werth cymdeithasol?<\/p>\n

Mae angen chwyldro diwylliannol arnom o ddiwylliant sy\u2019n credu bod gwerth yn cael ei optimeiddio gan gontractau wedi\u2019u drafftio\u2019n fwy gofalus a rheoliadau yn cael eu gweithredu\u2019n fwy trylwyr, i ddiwylliant o stiwardiaeth lle mae pawb, clinigwyr a rheolwyr ill dau, yn teimlo eu bod nhw\u2019n gyfrifol am ddefnyddio adnoddau, er mwyn optimeiddio gwerth, lleihau gwastraff a rhwystro anghydraddoldeb.<\/p>\n

Mae\u2019r Academi Colegau Meddygol Brenhinol wedi amlygu\u2019r angen am hyn yn ei hadroddiad yn 2014 ar Amddiffyn Adnoddau a Hyrwyddo Gwerth, sy\u2019n nodi:<\/p>\n

mae osgoi gwastraff a hyrwyddo gwerth yn ymwneud ag ansawdd y gofal a ddarperir i gleifion \u2013 un o bryderon canolog meddygon. Mae gwastraff un meddyg yn golygu oedi i glaf arall. O bosibl, gall olygu diffyg triniaeth i glaf arall. Mae hefyd cost glinigol ynghlwm \u00e2 gwastraff adnoddau yn ogystal \u00e2, fel mae\u2019r adroddiad yn dangos, cost i\u2019r amgylchedd.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Dyma ddiwylliant stiwardiaeth, a\u2019r prif fater sy\u2019n gwahaniaethu rhwng arweinyddiaeth a rheoli yw bod arweinyddiaeth yn gyfrifol am ddiwylliant ac mae rheoli yn gweithio o fewn y diwylliant hwnnw.<\/p>\n

Ein cenhadaeth yw datblygu rheolaeth ac arweinyddiaeth ac mae angen dull newydd o reoli. Mae angen sefydliadau wedi\u2019u rheoli\u2019n dda arnom, ond mae hefyd angen systemau ar gyfer pob rhan o\u2019r boblogaeth, pob un \u00e2 rhwydwaith lleol a chyllideb benodol. Mae angen arweinyddiaeth arnom hyd yn oed yn fwy i ddatblygu\u2019r diwylliant o stiwardiaeth a thrawsnewid i fod yn ofal iechyd ar sail gwerth; y model newydd i sicrhau cynaliadwyedd gofal iechyd i bawb.<\/p>\n

Am gyfle i weithio gyda Syr Muir a dysgu oddi wrthynt, gwnewch gais i Climb heddiw drwy fynd i dudalen we Climb.<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Cyflwyniad gan Dr Jonathon Gray: Un o nodau allweddol Sefydliad Calon y Ddraig yw datblygu arweinwyr trawsnewid y dyfodol trwy raglenni gwaith cyffrous a phartneriaethau rhyngwladol gyda meddylwyr mwyaf blaenllaw\u2019r…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":19,"featured_media":3534,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[67],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2199","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-views-cy"],"yoast_head":"\nYr Athro Syr Muir Gray: Mae angen chwyldro mewn gofal iechyd - Dragon Heart Institute<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dragonsheart.org\/cy\/yr-athro-syr-muir-gray-mae-angen-chwyldro-mewn-gofal-iechyd\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cy_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Yr Athro Syr Muir Gray: Mae angen chwyldro mewn gofal iechyd - 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